Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands, sentence 7
Antarctica in the south is a continent of land under an ice sheet, with no people living there for good; the Arctic in the north is mostly an ocean covered by floating sea ice, ringed by lands where people such as the Inuit live.
Who acts: Antarctica, people, Arctic · What happens: be, live, cover, float, ring · To what, where: continent, ice sheet, ocean
This is a sentence of the lesson «Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Antarctica, people, Arctic), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Antarctica | Antarctica | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 continent | nsubj |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 south | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 south | det |
| 4 | south | south | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Antarctica | nmod |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 continent | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 continent | det |
| 7 | continent | continent | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 land | case |
| 9 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 continent | nmod |
| 10 | under | under | ADP | _ | 13 sheet | case |
| 11 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 sheet | det |
| 12 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 sheet | compound |
| 13 | sheet | sheet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 continent | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 people | punct |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 people | case |
| 16 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 17 people | det |
| 17 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 sheet | nmod |
| 18 | living | live | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 17 people | acl |
| 19 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 living | advmod |
| 20 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 good | case |
| 21 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 living | obl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 Arctic | punct |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Arctic | det |
| 24 | Arctic | Arctic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 ocean | nsubj |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 north | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 north | det |
| 27 | north | north | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 Arctic | nmod |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 ocean | cop |
| 29 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 31 ocean | advmod |
| 30 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 ocean | det |
| 31 | ocean | ocean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 continent | parataxis |
| 32 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 ocean | acl |
| 33 | by | by | ADP | _ | 36 ice | case |
| 34 | floating | float | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 36 ice | amod |
| 35 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 ice | compound |
| 36 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 covered | obl:agent |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 ringed | punct |
| 38 | ringed | ring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 ocean | conj |
| 39 | by | by | ADP | _ | 40 lands | case |
| 40 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 ringed | obl:agent |
| 41 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 47 live | advmod |
| 42 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 live | nsubj |
| 43 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 42 people | advmod |
| 44 | as | as | ADP | _ | 43 such | fixed |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 Inuit | det |
| 46 | Inuit | Inuit | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 people | nmod |
| 47 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 lands | acl:relcl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 continent | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Antarctica in the south | a continent | a ice sheet with no people | of land | tree rules | ||
| 2 | live | gerund | no people not said here | there | for good | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 3 | is a | present | the Arctic in the north | a ocean | mostly property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | cover | participle | a ocean not said here | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | float | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | ring | participle | the Arctic in the north not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | live | present | people the Inuit | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:065-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/7/