The shape and size of the Earth, the poles and the equator, sentence 3

People knew the Earth was round more than two thousand years ago: ships sink hull first (the hull is the bottom part of a ship) below the horizon, the far line where the sky meets the sea, and the Earth's shadow on the Moon during an eclipse is always round.

Who acts: People, Earth, ships, hull, sky · What happens: know, be, sink, meet, shadow · To what, where: hull, horizon, bottom part, sea, Moon · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The shape and size of the Earth, the poles and the equator» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, Earth, ships, hull), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 knew	nsubj
2	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Earth	det
4	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 round	nsubj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 round	cop
6	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 knew	ccomp
7	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 thousand	advmod
8	than	than	ADP	_	7 more	fixed
9	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 thousand	compound
10	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 years	nummod
11	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 ago	obl:unmarked
12	ago	ago	ADV	_	2 knew	advmod
13	:	:	PUNCT	_	15 sink	punct
14	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 sink	nsubj
15	sink	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 knew	conj
16	hull	hull	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 sink	obj
17	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	15 sink	advmod
18	(	(	PUNCT	_	24 part	punct
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 hull	det
20	hull	hull	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 part	nsubj
21	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 part	cop
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 part	det
23	bottom	bottom	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 part	amod
24	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 sink	parataxis
25	of	of	ADP	_	27 ship	case
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 ship	det
27	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 part	nmod
28	)	)	PUNCT	_	24 part	punct
29	below	below	ADP	_	31 horizon	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 horizon	det
31	horizon	horizon	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 sink	obl
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 line	punct
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 line	det
34	far	far	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 line	amod
35	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 horizon	conj
36	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	39 meets	advmod
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 sky	det
38	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 meets	nsubj
39	meets	meet	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	35 line	acl:relcl
40	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 sea	det
41	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 meets	obj
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 shadow	punct
43	and	and	CCONJ	_	47 shadow	cc
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 Earth	det
45	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	47 shadow	nmod:poss
46	's	's	PART	_	45 Earth	case
47	shadow	shadow	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 horizon	conj
48	on	on	ADP	_	50 Moon	case
49	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	50 Moon	det
50	Moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 shadow	nmod
51	during	during	ADP	_	53 eclipse	case
52	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	53 eclipse	det
53	eclipse	eclipse	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 shadow	nmod
54	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	56 round	cop
55	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	56 round	advmod
56	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 horizon	parataxis
57	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 knew	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	past	People				ago property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	is	past	the Earth				round property	tree rules
3	sink	present	ships	hull	the horizon and the far line and the Earth's shadow on the Moon during a eclipse		first property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hull=Patient
4	is a	present	the hull	the bottom part			of a ship	tree rules
5	meet	present	the sky	the sea				vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sea=Co-Agent
6	is	present					always, round property	tree rules
7	shadow		the Earth		the Moon	during a eclipse		nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent on=place during=obl

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:007-shape-and-size-of-the-earth.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/7-shape-and-size-of-the-earth/3/