Birds: feathers, nests and flight, sentence 18
A cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds' nests and lets them raise its chicks.
Who acts: cuckoo, eggs · What happens: lay, let, raise · To what, where: eggs, nests, chicks
This is a sentence of the lesson «Birds: feathers, nests and flight» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cuckoo, eggs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 cuckoo | det |
| 2 | cuckoo | cuckoo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lays | nsubj |
| 3 | lays | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 eggs | nmod:poss |
| 5 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 lays | obj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 nests | case |
| 7 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 birds | amod |
| 8 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 nests | nmod:poss |
| 9 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 8 birds | case |
| 10 | nests | nest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 lays | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 lets | cc |
| 12 | lets | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 lays | conj |
| 13 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 lets | obj |
| 14 | raise | raise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 lets | xcomp |
| 15 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 chicks | nmod:poss |
| 16 | chicks | chick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 raise | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lays | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lay | present | a cuckoo | cuckoo's eggs | other birds's nests | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in nest=Destination | |||
| 2 | let | present | a cuckoo not said here | eggs = egg | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | raise | infinitive | eggs = egg not said here | bird's chicks | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chick=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:073-birds-feathers-nests-flight.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/73-birds-feathers-nests-flight/18/