Birds: feathers, nests and flight, sentence 9
Many of a bird's bones are hollow, which makes it light for flying.
Who acts: Many · What happens: be, make, fly · To what, where: bird
This is a sentence of the lesson «Birds: feathers, nests and flight» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 hollow | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 bones | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 bird | det |
| 4 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bones | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 bird | case |
| 6 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Many | nmod |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 hollow | cop |
| 8 | hollow | hollow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 makes | punct |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 makes | nsubj |
| 11 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 hollow | parataxis |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 makes | obj |
| 13 | light | light | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 makes | xcomp |
| 14 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 15 flying | mark |
| 15 | flying | fly | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 light | advcl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 hollow | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Many of a bird's bones | hollow property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | make | present | bird | light property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | ||||
| 3 | fly | gerund | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:073-birds-feathers-nests-flight.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/73-birds-feathers-nests-flight/9/