Dinosaurs and life long ago, sentence 4

By looking at a fossil skull, scientists can tell what an animal ate: Tyrannosaurus had long, sharp, curved teeth for meat, while Triceratops had a beak and rows of grinding teeth for tough plants.

Who acts: scientists, animal, Tyrannosaurus, Triceratops, beak · What happens: look, tell, eat, have, curve, grind · To what, where: long sharp curved teeth, beak, teeth · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Dinosaurs and life long ago» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scientists, animal, Tyrannosaurus, Triceratops), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 looking	mark
2	looking	look	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 tell	advcl
3	at	at	ADP	_	6 skull	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 skull	det
5	fossil	fossil	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 skull	compound
6	skull	skull	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 looking	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 looking	punct
8	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 tell	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 tell	aux
10	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
11	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	14 ate	obj
12	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 animal	det
13	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 ate	nsubj
14	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 tell	ccomp
15	:	:	PUNCT	_	17 had	punct
16	Tyrannosaurus	Tyrannosaurus	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 had	nsubj
17	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 ate	parataxis
18	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 teeth	amod
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 sharp	punct
20	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 teeth	amod
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 teeth	punct
22	curved	curve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 teeth	amod
23	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 had	obj
24	for	for	ADP	_	25 meat	case
25	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 teeth	nmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 had	punct
27	while	while	SCONJ	_	29 had	mark
28	Triceratops	Triceratops	PROPN	Number=Plur	29 had	nsubj
29	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 had	advcl
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 beak	det
31	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 had	obj
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 rows	cc
33	rows	row	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 beak	conj
34	of	of	SCONJ	_	35 grinding	mark
35	grinding	grind	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	31 beak	acl
36	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 grinding	obj
37	for	for	ADP	_	39 plants	case
38	tough	tough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 plants	amod
39	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 teeth	nmod
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 tell	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	look	gerund	scientists not said here		at a fossil skull	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at skull=Theme
2	tell speech: assert	can	scientists			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	eat	past	a animal			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Patient
4	have	past	Tyrannosaurus	long sharp curved teeth	for meat	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient
5	curve	participle				vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material
6	have	past	Triceratops	a beak and rows		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beak=Patient
7	grind	gerund	a beak and rows not said here	teeth	for tough plants	vn build-26.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent tooth=Product for plant=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:078-dinosaurs-and-life-long-ago.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/78-dinosaurs-and-life-long-ago/4/