Senses of animals: how they see, hear and smell, sentence 1
Eyes at the front of the head, like an owl's or a cat's, both look at the same thing and judge distance well for catching prey; eyes at the sides, like a rabbit's or a horse's, see almost all the way around to spot enemies.
Who acts: both, rabbit · What happens: look, judge, catch, see, spot · To what, where: distance, prey, way, enemies
This is a sentence of the lesson «Senses of animals: how they see, hear and smell» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (both, rabbit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 4 front | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 front | det |
| 4 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Eyes | nmod |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 head | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 head | det |
| 7 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 front | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 cat | punct |
| 9 | like | like | ADP | _ | 11 owl | case |
| 10 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 owl | det |
| 11 | owl | owl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cat | nmod:poss |
| 12 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 11 owl | case |
| 13 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 15 cat | cc |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 cat | det |
| 15 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Eyes | nmod |
| 16 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 15 cat | case |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 look | punct |
| 18 | both | both | PRON | PronType=Tot | 19 look | nsubj |
| 19 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Eyes | parataxis |
| 20 | at | at | ADP | _ | 23 thing | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 thing | det |
| 22 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 thing | amod |
| 23 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 look | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 judge | cc |
| 25 | judge | judge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 look | conj |
| 26 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 judge | obj |
| 27 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 25 judge | advmod |
| 28 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 29 catching | mark |
| 29 | catching | catch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 judge | advcl |
| 30 | prey | prey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 catching | obj |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 1 Eyes | punct |
| 32 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Eyes | conj |
| 33 | at | at | ADP | _ | 35 sides | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 sides | det |
| 35 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 eyes | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 see | punct |
| 37 | like | like | ADP | _ | 39 rabbit | case |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 rabbit | det |
| 39 | rabbit | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 see | nsubj |
| 40 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 39 rabbit | case |
| 41 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 43 horse | cc |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 horse | det |
| 43 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 rabbit | conj |
| 44 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 43 horse | case |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 rabbit | punct |
| 46 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 eyes | acl |
| 47 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 48 all | advmod |
| 48 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 50 way | det:predet |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 way | det |
| 50 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 see | obl:unmarked |
| 51 | around | around | ADV | _ | 46 see | advmod |
| 52 | to | to | PART | _ | 53 spot | mark |
| 53 | spot | spot | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 46 see | advcl |
| 54 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 53 spot | obj |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Eyes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | present | both | at the same thing | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at thing=Theme | ||||
| 2 | judge | present | both not said here | distance | well property | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent distance=Value | |||
| 3 | catch | gerund | both not said here | prey | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Theme | ||||
| 4 | see | infinitive | a rabbit or a horse | all way | around property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer eye=Stimulus | |||
| 5 | spot | to-infinitive | a rabbit or a horse not said here | enemies | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme enemy=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:079-senses-of-animals.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/79-senses-of-animals/1/