Mirrors, shadows and colours, sentence 1
In a mirror, writing looks back to front, which is why AMBULANCE is printed reversed on the front of ambulances, so drivers read it the right way in their mirrors.
Who acts: writing, front, drivers · What happens: look back, be, print, reverse, read · To what, where: AMBULANCE, front, mirror, mirrors
This is a sentence of the lesson «Mirrors, shadows and colours» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (writing, front, drivers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 mirror | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 mirror | det |
| 3 | mirror | mirror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 looks | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 mirror | punct |
| 5 | writing | writing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 looks | nsubj |
| 6 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | back | back | ADV | _ | 6 looks | advmod |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 front | case |
| 9 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 looks | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 printed | punct |
| 11 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 why | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 why | cop |
| 13 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 front | acl:relcl |
| 14 | AMBULANCE | ambulance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 printed | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 printed | aux:pass |
| 16 | printed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 why | ccomp | |
| 17 | reversed | reverse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 printed | advcl |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 front | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 front | det |
| 20 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 reversed | obl |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 ambulances | case |
| 22 | ambulances | ambulance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 front | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 read | punct |
| 24 | so | so | ADV | _ | 26 read | advmod |
| 25 | drivers | driver | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 read | nsubj |
| 26 | read | read | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 looks | conj |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 read | obj |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 way | det |
| 29 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 way | amod |
| 30 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 read | obl |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 mirrors | case |
| 32 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 mirrors | nmod:poss |
| 33 | mirrors | mirror | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 read | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 looks | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look back | present | writing | to front; in a mirror | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in mirror=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | present | front | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | present · passive | AMBULANCE | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | reverse | participle | the front of ambulances | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | read | past | drivers | mirror | drivers's mirrors | the right way obl | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:084-mirrors-shadows-colours.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/84-mirrors-shadows-colours/1/