Transport: from horses to planes, sentence 13

Planes are fast but use a lot of fuel; ships are slow but can carry huge loads cheaply, so most of the world's goods still travel by sea.

Who acts: Planes, ships, most · What happens: be, use, carry, travel · To what, where: lot, huge loads

This is a sentence of the lesson «Transport: from horses to planes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Planes, ships, most), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Planes	plane	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fast	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fast	cop
3	fast	fast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	but	but	CCONJ	_	5 use	cc
5	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fast	conj
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 lot	det
7	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 use	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 fuel	case
9	fuel	fuel	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lot	nmod
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	3 fast	punct
11	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 slow	nsubj
12	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 slow	cop
13	slow	slow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 fast	parataxis
14	but	but	CCONJ	_	16 carry	cc
15	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 carry	aux
16	carry	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 slow	conj
17	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 loads	amod
18	loads	load	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 carry	obj
19	cheaply	cheaply	ADV	_	16 carry	advmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 travel	punct
21	so	so	ADV	_	29 travel	advmod
22	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	29 travel	nsubj
23	of	of	ADP	_	27 goods	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 world	det
25	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 goods	nmod:poss
26	's	's	PART	_	25 world	case
27	goods	goods	NOUN	Number=Ptan	22 most	nmod
28	still	still	ADV	_	29 travel	advmod
29	travel	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fast	parataxis
30	by	by	ADP	_	31 sea	case
31	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 travel	obl
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 fast	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Planes			fast property	tree rules
2	use	present	Planes not said here	a lot of fuel			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient
3	is	present	ships			slow property	tree rules
4	carry	can	ships not said here	huge loads		cheaply property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent load=Theme
5	travel	present	most of the world's goods		still	by sea	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by sea=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:099-transport-horses-to-planes.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/99-transport-horses-to-planes/13/