Transport: from horses to planes, sentence 6
Smooth rails cut friction so much that one engine could pull what hundreds of horses could not.
Who acts: Smooth rails, one engine · What happens: cut, pull · To what, where: friction
This is a sentence of the lesson «Transport: from horses to planes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Smooth rails, one engine), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Smooth | smooth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 rails | amod |
| 2 | rails | rail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 cut | nsubj |
| 3 | cut | cut | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | friction | friction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cut | obj |
| 5 | so | so | ADV | _ | 6 much | advmod |
| 6 | much | much | ADV | _ | 3 cut | advmod |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 pull | mark |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 engine | nummod |
| 9 | engine | engine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 pull | nsubj |
| 10 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 pull | aux |
| 11 | pull | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 cut | advcl |
| 12 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 pull | obj |
| 13 | hundreds | hundred | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 could | nsubj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 horses | case |
| 15 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 hundreds | nmod |
| 16 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 what | acl:relcl |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 could | advmod |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 cut | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cut | present | Smooth rails | friction | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material friction=Product | ||||
| 2 | pull | could | one engine | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:099-transport-horses-to-planes.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/99-transport-horses-to-planes/6/