Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter IX. The Mock Turtle’s Story, sentence 110
“I couldn’t afford to learn it.” said the Mock Turtle with a sigh.
Who acts: Mock Turtle · What happens: not afford, learn, say · To what, where: music · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter IX. The Mock Turtle’s Story. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mock Turtle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 afford | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 afford | nsubj |
| 3 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 afford | aux |
| 4 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 afford | advmod |
| 5 | afford | afford | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 said | ccomp |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 learn | mark |
| 7 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 afford | xcomp |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 learn | obj |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 afford | punct |
| 10 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 afford | punct |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Turtle | det |
| 13 | Mock | Mock | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Turtle | compound |
| 14 | Turtle | Turtle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 said | nsubj |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 sigh | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 sigh | det |
| 17 | sigh | sigh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 said | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not afford in a quote | could | the Mock Turtle = turtle | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | learn in a quote | to-infinitive | the Mock Turtle = turtle not said here | music | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | the Mock Turtle | with a sigh | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/10/110/