Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter XI. Who Stole the Tarts?, sentence 1
The King and Queen of Hearts were seated on their throne when they arrived, with a great crowd assembled about them—all sorts of little birds and beasts, as well as the whole pack of cards: the Knave was standing before them, in chains, with a soldier on each side to guard him; and near the King was the White Rabbit, with a trumpet in one hand, and a scroll of parchment in the other.
Who acts: King, Knave · What happens: seat, arrive, assemble, stand, guard, be · To what, where: King, throne, great crowd, chains, Knave, little birds
This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter XI. Who Stole the Tarts?. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, Knave), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 King | det |
| 2 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 seated | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 Queen | cc |
| 4 | Queen | Queen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 King | conj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Hearts | case |
| 6 | Hearts | Heart | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 Queen | nmod |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 seated | aux:pass |
| 8 | seated | seat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 throne | case |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 throne | nmod:poss |
| 11 | throne | throne | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 seated | obl |
| 12 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 14 arrived | advmod |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 arrived | nsubj |
| 14 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 seated | advcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 crowd | punct |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 crowd | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 crowd | det |
| 18 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 crowd | amod |
| 19 | crowd | crowd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 arrived | conj |
| 20 | assembled | assemble | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 crowd | acl |
| 21 | about | about | ADP | _ | 22 them | case |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 assembled | obl |
| 23 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 sorts | punct |
| 24 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 25 sorts | det |
| 25 | sorts | sort | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 seated | obl |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 birds | case |
| 27 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 birds | amod |
| 28 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 sorts | nmod |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 beasts | cc |
| 30 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 birds | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 pack | punct |
| 32 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 37 pack | cc |
| 33 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 32 as | fixed |
| 34 | as | as | ADP | _ | 32 as | fixed |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 pack | det |
| 36 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 pack | amod |
| 37 | pack | pack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 sorts | conj |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 cards | case |
| 39 | cards | card | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 pack | nmod |
| 40 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 44 standing | punct |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 Knave | det |
| 42 | Knave | Knave | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 standing | nsubj |
| 43 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 standing | aux |
| 44 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 seated | conj |
| 45 | before | before | ADP | _ | 46 them | case |
| 46 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 standing | obl |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 chains | punct |
| 48 | in | in | ADP | _ | 49 chains | case |
| 49 | chains | chain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 standing | obl |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 soldier | punct |
| 51 | with | with | ADP | _ | 53 soldier | case |
| 52 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 53 soldier | det |
| 53 | soldier | soldier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 standing | obl |
| 54 | on | on | ADP | _ | 56 side | case |
| 55 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 56 side | det |
| 56 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 soldier | nmod |
| 57 | to | to | PART | _ | 58 guard | mark |
| 58 | guard | guard | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 44 standing | advcl |
| 59 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 guard | obj |
| 60 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 68 Rabbit | punct |
| 61 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 68 Rabbit | cc |
| 62 | near | near | ADP | _ | 68 Rabbit | case |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 King | det |
| 64 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 68 Rabbit | nsubj |
| 65 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 68 Rabbit | cop |
| 66 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 68 Rabbit | det |
| 67 | White | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 68 Rabbit | amod |
| 68 | Rabbit | Rabbit | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 seated | obl |
| 69 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 72 trumpet | punct |
| 70 | with | with | ADP | _ | 72 trumpet | case |
| 71 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 72 trumpet | det |
| 72 | trumpet | trumpet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 Rabbit | appos |
| 73 | in | in | ADP | _ | 75 hand | case |
| 74 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 75 hand | nummod |
| 75 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 72 trumpet | nmod |
| 76 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 79 scroll | punct |
| 77 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 79 scroll | cc |
| 78 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 79 scroll | det |
| 79 | scroll | scroll | NOUN | Number=Sing | 72 trumpet | conj |
| 80 | of | of | ADP | _ | 81 parchment | case |
| 81 | parchment | parchment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 79 scroll | nmod |
| 82 | in | in | ADP | _ | 84 other | case |
| 83 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 84 other | det |
| 84 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 72 trumpet | nmod |
| 85 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 seated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | seat | past · passive | the King and Queen of Hearts | King's throne | all sorts of little birds and beasts as the whole pack of cards obl | vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: subject=Value | |||
| 2 | arrive | past | King | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | assemble | participle | a great crowd not said here | about King | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | stand | past · progressive | the Knave | chains | before King | with a soldier on each side | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before they=Location | ||
| 5 | guard | to-infinitive | the Knave not said here | Knave | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary | ||||
| 6 | is | past | the King | near the White Rabbit | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | sort | little birds and beasts | nom sort «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/12/1/