Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter XI. Who Stole the Tarts?, sentence 98
“Well, if I must, I must,” the King said, with a melancholy air, and, after folding his arms and frowning at the cook till his eyes were nearly out of sight, he said in a deep voice, “What are tarts made of?”
Who acts: King, Majesty · What happens: say, fold, frown, be, make · To what, where: arms, cook, sight, deep voice, tarts · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter XI. Who Stole the Tarts?. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, Majesty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 said | punct |
| 2 | Well | well | INTJ | _ | 14 said | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Well | punct |
| 4 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 6 must | mark |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 must | nsubj |
| 6 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 2 Well | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Well | punct |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 must | nsubj |
| 9 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 2 Well | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Well | punct |
| 11 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Well | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 King | det |
| 13 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 said | nsubj |
| 14 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 said | ccomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 air | punct |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 air | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 air | det |
| 18 | melancholy | melancholy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 air | compound |
| 19 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 said | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 folding | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 folding | cc |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 and | punct |
| 23 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 24 folding | mark |
| 24 | folding | fold | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 said | parataxis |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 arms | nmod:poss |
| 26 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 folding | obj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 frowning | cc |
| 28 | frowning | frown | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 folding | conj |
| 29 | at | at | ADP | _ | 31 cook | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 cook | det |
| 31 | cook | cook | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 frowning | obl |
| 32 | till | till | ADP | _ | 34 eyes | case |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 34 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 sight | obl |
| 35 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 sight | cop |
| 36 | nearly | nearly | ADV | _ | 39 sight | advmod |
| 37 | out | out | ADP | _ | 39 sight | case |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 sight | case |
| 39 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 frowning | parataxis |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 said | punct |
| 41 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 said | nsubj |
| 42 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 43 | in | in | ADP | _ | 46 voice | case |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 voice | det |
| 45 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 voice | amod |
| 46 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 said | obl |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 tarts | punct |
| 48 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 51 tarts | punct |
| 49 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 51 tarts | nsubj |
| 50 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 51 tarts | cop |
| 51 | tarts | tart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 said | parataxis |
| 52 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 51 tarts | acl |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 made | obl |
| 54 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 51 tarts | punct |
| 55 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 51 tarts | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the King | with a melancholy air | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent with air=Manner | ||||
| 2 | fold | gerund | Majesty's arms | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent arm=Patient | |||||
| 3 | frown | gerund | the cook | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is | past | sight | till Majesty's eyes | nearly property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | say speech: ask | past | Majesty | a deep voice | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 6 | is a in a quote | present | tarts | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | make in a quote | participle | tarts not said here | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/12/98/