Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter XII. Alice’s Evidence, sentence 32

“It must have been that,” said the King, “unless it was written to nobody, which isn’t usual, you know.”

Who acts: paper, that, you · What happens: be, say, write, not be, know · To what, where: that, paper, nobody · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter XII. Alice’s Evidence. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (paper, that, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	9 said	punct
2	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 that	nsubj
3	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 that	aux
4	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 that	aux
5	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 that	cop
6	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 said	nsubj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 that	punct
8	”	"	PUNCT	_	6 that	punct
9	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 King	det
11	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 said	nsubj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 know	punct
13	“	"	PUNCT	_	27 know	punct
14	unless	unless	SCONJ	_	17 written	mark
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 written	nsubj:pass
16	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 written	aux:pass
17	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	27 know	advcl
18	to	to	ADP	_	19 nobody	case
19	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	17 written	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 usual	punct
21	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	24 usual	nsubj
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 usual	cop
23	n’t	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	24 usual	advmod
24	usual	usual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 nobody	acl:relcl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 written	punct
26	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 know	nsubj
27	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 said	ccomp
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 said	punct
29	”	"	PUNCT	_	9 said	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	must · perfect	paper	that			tree rules
2	say speech: assert	past	that				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	write a condition, not said to happen, in a quote	past · passive		paper	nobody		vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to nobody=Recipient
4	not is in a quote	present				usual property	tree rules
5	know in a quote	present	you				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/13/32/