Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter XII. Alice’s Evidence, sentence 41
“Please your Majesty,” said the Knave, “I didn’t write it, and they can’t prove I did: there’s no name signed at the end.”
Who acts: Majesty, persons · What happens: say, not write, not prove, do, sign · To what, where: Knave, name, end · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter XII. Alice’s Evidence. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Majesty, persons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 Majesty | punct |
| 2 | Please | please | INTJ | _ | 4 Majesty | discourse |
| 3 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 Majesty | nmod:poss |
| 4 | Majesty | majesty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 said | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Majesty | punct |
| 6 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 Majesty | punct |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Knave | det |
| 9 | Knave | Knave | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 said | nsubj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 write | punct |
| 11 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 write | punct |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 write | nsubj |
| 13 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 write | aux |
| 14 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 write | advmod |
| 15 | write | write | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 said | conj |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 write | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 prove | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 prove | cc |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 prove | nsubj |
| 20 | ca | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 prove | aux |
| 21 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 prove | advmod |
| 22 | prove | prove | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 write | conj |
| 23 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 did | nsubj |
| 24 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 prove | ccomp |
| 25 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 27 ’s | punct |
| 26 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 27 ’s | expl |
| 27 | ’s | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | conj |
| 28 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 29 name | det |
| 29 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 ’s | obj |
| 30 | signed | sign | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 name | acl |
| 31 | at | at | ADP | _ | 33 end | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 end | det |
| 33 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 signed | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 27 ’s | punct |
| 35 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 27 ’s | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | your Majesty | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | not write in a quote | past · do-support | your Majesty = majesty | Knave | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not prove in a quote | can | persons = person | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 4 | do in a quote | past | your Majesty = majesty | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | sign in a quote | participle | no name not said here | at the end | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent at end=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/13/41/