Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter III. A Caucus-Race and a Long Tale, sentence 77
“Hold your tongue, Ma!” said the young Crab, a little snappishly.
Who acts: young Crab · What happens: hold, say · To what, where: tongue · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter III. A Caucus-Race and a Long Tale. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young Crab), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Hold | punct |
| 2 | Hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 said | ccomp |
| 3 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 tongue | nmod:poss |
| 4 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Hold | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 Ma | punct |
| 6 | Ma | Ma | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Hold | vocative |
| 7 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 2 Hold | punct |
| 8 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Hold | punct |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Crab | det |
| 11 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 Crab | amod |
| 12 | Crab | Crab | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 said | nsubj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 snappishly | punct |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 little | det |
| 15 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 snappishly | obl:unmarked |
| 16 | snappishly | snappishly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 Crab | appos |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold in a quote | infinitive | your tongue | Ma vocative | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: express | past | the young Crab | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/4/77/