Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter V. Advice from a Caterpillar, sentence 38
“You are old,” said the youth, “as I mentioned before, And have grown most uncommonly fat; Yet you turned a back-somersault in at the door— Pray, what is the reason of that?”
Who acts: You, old, Pray · What happens: be, say, mention, grow, turn · To what, where: youth, back somersault, reason · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter V. Advice from a Caterpillar. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, old, Pray), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 old | punct |
| 2 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 old | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 old | cop |
| 4 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 said | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 old | punct |
| 6 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 old | punct |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 youth | det |
| 9 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 said | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 mentioned | punct |
| 11 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 mentioned | punct |
| 12 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 14 mentioned | mark |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 mentioned | nsubj |
| 14 | mentioned | mention | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | conj |
| 15 | before | before | ADV | _ | 14 mentioned | advmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 grown | punct |
| 17 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 grown | cc |
| 18 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 grown | aux |
| 19 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 mentioned | conj |
| 20 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 21 uncommonly | advmod |
| 21 | uncommonly | uncommonly | ADV | _ | 22 fat | advmod |
| 22 | fat | fat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 grown | xcomp |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 turned | punct |
| 24 | Yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 26 turned | cc |
| 25 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 26 turned | nsubj |
| 26 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | conj |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 somersault | det |
| 28 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 somersault | compound |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 back | punct |
| 30 | somersault | somersault | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 turned | obj |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 door | case |
| 32 | at | at | ADP | _ | 34 door | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 door | det |
| 34 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 turned | obl |
| 35 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 36 Pray | punct |
| 36 | Pray | Pray | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 said | parataxis |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 reason | punct |
| 38 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 41 reason | nsubj |
| 39 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 reason | cop |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 reason | det |
| 41 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 Pray | appos |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 that | case |
| 43 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 41 reason | nmod |
| 44 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 41 reason | punct |
| 45 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 41 reason | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | You | old property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: ask | past | old | the youth | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | mention speech: other in a quote | past | old | before property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | grow in a quote | present · perfect | old not said here | fat property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | turn in a quote | past | you | a back somersault | in the door | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent somersault=Patient in door=Topic | |||
| 6 | is a in a quote | present | Pray | the reason | of that | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/6/38/