Grimm's Fairy Stories, The Water of Life, sentence 85
The man smiled and said, "How can that be done; you are far too small to lead the horse by the reins?" "
Who acts: man, you · What happens: smile, say, do, be, lead · To what, where: that, horse · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, The Water of Life. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 man | det |
| 2 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 smiled | nsubj |
| 3 | smiled | smile | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 said | cc |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 smiled | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 done | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 done | punct |
| 8 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 12 done | advmod |
| 9 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 done | aux |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 done | nsubj |
| 11 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 12 done | aux:pass |
| 12 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 said | ccomp |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 small | punct |
| 14 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 small | nsubj |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 small | cop |
| 16 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 18 small | advmod |
| 17 | too | too | ADV | _ | 18 small | advmod |
| 18 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 smiled | parataxis |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 lead | mark |
| 20 | lead | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 small | advcl |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 horse | det |
| 22 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 lead | obj |
| 23 | by | by | ADP | _ | 25 reins | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 reins | det |
| 25 | reins | rein | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 lead | obl |
| 26 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 18 small | punct |
| 27 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 small | punct |
| 28 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 smiled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | smile | past | the man | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | say speech: ask | past | the man not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | do in a quote | can · passive | that | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | you | far, small property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | lead in a quote | to-infinitive | you not said here | the horse | by the reins | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent horse=Theme by rein=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11027/17/85/