Grimm's Fairy Stories, The Six Swans, sentence 35
"No," they replied; "for we can only lay aside our swan's feathers for a quarter of an hour each evening, and for that time we regain our human form, but afterwards we resume our changed appearance."
Who acts: Swans, we, our · What happens: reply, lay, regain, resume, change, form · To what, where: feathers, human form, changed appearance · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, The Six Swans. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Swans, we, our), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 replied | punct |
| 2 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 6 replied | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 No | punct |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 replied | punct |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 replied | nsubj |
| 6 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 lay | punct |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 lay | punct |
| 9 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 13 lay | mark |
| 10 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 lay | nsubj |
| 11 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 lay | aux |
| 12 | only | only | ADV | _ | 13 lay | advmod |
| 13 | lay | lay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 replied | advcl |
| 14 | aside | aside | ADV | _ | 13 lay | advmod |
| 15 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 swan | nmod:poss |
| 16 | swan | swan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 feathers | nmod:poss |
| 17 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 16 swan | case |
| 18 | feathers | feather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 lay | obj |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 quarter | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 quarter | det |
| 21 | quarter | quarter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 lay | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 hour | case |
| 23 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 hour | det |
| 24 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 quarter | nmod |
| 25 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 26 evening | det |
| 26 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 lay | obl:unmarked |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 regain | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 regain | cc |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 time | case |
| 30 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 31 time | det |
| 31 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 regain | obl |
| 32 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 33 regain | nsubj |
| 33 | regain | regain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 replied | parataxis |
| 34 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 form | nmod:poss |
| 35 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 form | amod |
| 36 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 regain | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 resume | punct |
| 38 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 41 resume | cc |
| 39 | afterwards | afterwards | ADV | _ | 41 resume | advmod |
| 40 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 41 resume | nsubj |
| 41 | resume | resume | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 regain | conj |
| 42 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 appearance | nmod:poss |
| 43 | changed | change | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 44 appearance | amod |
| 44 | appearance | appearance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 resume | obj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 replied | punct |
| 46 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert | past | Swans = swan | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | lay in a quote | can | we | our swan's feathers | evening | for a quarter of a hour; aside property | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent feather=Result for quarter=Beneficiary | ||
| 3 | regain in a quote | present | we | our human form | time | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Theme | |||
| 4 | resume in a quote | present | we | our changed appearance | afterwards property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent appearance=Eventuality | |||
| 5 | change in a quote | participle | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | form in a quote | our | nom form «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11027/19/35/