The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 13, sentence 30
At this question Hindbad was covered with confusion, and hanging down his head, replied, "My lord, I confess that, overcome by weariness and ill-humour, I uttered indiscreet words, which I pray you to pardon me."
Who acts: hanging · What happens: cover, hang down, reply, confess, overcome, utter · To what, where: Hindbad, question, head, lord, that, indiscreet words · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hanging), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 question | case |
| 2 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 question | det |
| 3 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 covered | obl |
| 4 | Hindbad | Hindbad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 covered | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 covered | aux:pass |
| 6 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 confusion | case |
| 8 | confusion | confusion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 covered | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 replied | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 replied | cc |
| 11 | hanging | hang | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 replied | csubj:pass |
| 12 | down | down | ADP | _ | 11 hanging | compound:prt |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 head | nmod:poss |
| 14 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 hanging | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 replied | punct |
| 16 | replied | reply | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 covered | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 lord | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 lord | punct |
| 19 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 lord | nmod:poss |
| 20 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 replied | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 confess | punct |
| 22 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 confess | nsubj |
| 23 | confess | confess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 replied | parataxis |
| 24 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 23 confess | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 overcome | punct |
| 26 | overcome | overcome | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 confess | conj |
| 27 | by | by | ADP | _ | 28 weariness | case |
| 28 | weariness | weariness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 overcome | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 humour | cc |
| 30 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 humour | amod |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 ill | punct |
| 32 | humour | humour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 weariness | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 uttered | punct |
| 34 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 uttered | nsubj |
| 35 | uttered | utter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 covered | conj |
| 36 | indiscreet | indiscreet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 words | compound |
| 37 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 uttered | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 pray | punct |
| 39 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 pray | obj |
| 40 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 41 pray | nsubj |
| 41 | pray | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 words | acl:relcl |
| 42 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 41 pray | obj |
| 43 | to | to | PART | _ | 44 pardon | mark |
| 44 | pardon | pardon | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 41 pray | advcl |
| 45 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 44 pardon | obj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 covered | punct |
| 47 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 covered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cover | past · passive | Hindbad | this question | with confusion | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with confusion=Theme | |||
| 2 | hang down | gerund | Hindbad's head | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient | |||||
| 3 | reply speech: assert | participle | hanging | My lord | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 4 | confess in a quote | present | hanging | that | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Topic | ||||
| 5 | overcome in a quote | participle | hanging not said here | by weariness and ill humour | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 6 | utter speech: other in a quote | past | hanging | indiscreet words | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent word=Topic | ||||
| 7 | pray in a quote | present | hanging | indiscreet words | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | pardon in a quote | to-infinitive | hanging not said here | hanging | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/13/30/