The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 14, sentence 55
The sap flows from an incision made high up in the tree into a vessel hung there to receive it, and soon hardens into the substance called camphor, but the tree itself withers up and dies when it has been so treated.
Who acts: sap, vessel, substance, tree · What happens: flow, make, hang, receive, harden, call · To what, where: incision, tree, vessel, substance, camphor · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sap, vessel, substance, tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 sap | det |
| 2 | sap | SAP | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flows | nsubj |
| 3 | flows | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 incision | case |
| 5 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 incision | det |
| 6 | incision | incision | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flows | obl |
| 7 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 incision | acl |
| 8 | high | high | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 up | advmod |
| 9 | up | up | ADV | _ | 7 made | advmod |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 tree | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 tree | det |
| 12 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 made | obl |
| 13 | into | into | SCONJ | _ | 16 hung | mark |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 vessel | det |
| 15 | vessel | vessel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 hung | nsubj |
| 16 | hung | hang | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 flows | advcl |
| 17 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 16 hung | advmod |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 receive | mark |
| 19 | receive | receive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 hung | xcomp |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 receive | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 hardens | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 hardens | cc |
| 23 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 24 hardens | advmod |
| 24 | hardens | harden | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 flows | conj |
| 25 | into | into | ADP | _ | 27 substance | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 substance | det |
| 27 | substance | substance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 hardens | obl |
| 28 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 substance | acl |
| 29 | camphor | camphor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 called | xcomp |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 withers | punct |
| 31 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 35 withers | cc |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 tree | det |
| 33 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 withers | nsubj |
| 34 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 33 tree | nmod:unmarked |
| 35 | withers | wither | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 flows | conj |
| 36 | up | up | ADP | _ | 35 withers | compound:prt |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 dies | cc |
| 38 | dies | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 withers | conj |
| 39 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 44 treated | advmod |
| 40 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 treated | nsubj |
| 41 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 treated | aux |
| 42 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 44 treated | cop |
| 43 | so | so | ADV | _ | 44 treated | advmod |
| 44 | treated | treated | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 dies | advcl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 flows | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flow | present | the sap | a incision | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | participle | a incision not said here | the tree | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 3 | hang | past | a vessel | there | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | receive | to-infinitive | a vessel not said here | vessel | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 5 | harden | present | the sap not said here | the substance | soon property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||
| 6 | call | participle | the substance not said here | camphor | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | wither up | present | the tree vessel | vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 8 | die | present | the tree vessel not said here | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 9 | is | present · perfect | sap | treated property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/14/55/