The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 15, sentence 38
So swiftly it came that it had seized one of my comrades before he had time to fly, and in spite of his cries and struggles speedily crushed the life out of him in its mighty coils and proceeded to swallow him.
Who acts: hunger, snake · What happens: come, seize, have, fly, crush, proceed · To what, where: hunger, life, spite, snake, cries
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunger, snake), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 2 swiftly | advmod |
| 2 | swiftly | swiftly | ADV | _ | 4 came | advmod |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 seized | mark |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 seized | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 seized | aux |
| 8 | seized | seize | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 came | advcl |
| 9 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 seized | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 comrades | case |
| 11 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 comrades | nmod:poss |
| 12 | comrades | comrade | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 one | nmod |
| 13 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 15 had | mark |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 had | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 seized | advcl |
| 16 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 had | obj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 fly | mark |
| 18 | fly | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 time | acl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 crushed | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 crushed | cc |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 spite | case |
| 22 | spite | spite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 crushed | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 cries | case |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 cries | nmod:poss |
| 25 | cries | cry | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 spite | nmod |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 struggles | cc |
| 27 | struggles | struggle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 cries | conj |
| 28 | speedily | speedily | ADV | _ | 29 crushed | advmod |
| 29 | crushed | crush | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | conj |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 life | det |
| 31 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 crushed | obj |
| 32 | out | out | ADP | _ | 34 him | case |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 him | case |
| 34 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 crushed | obl |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 coils | case |
| 36 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 coils | nmod:poss |
| 37 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 coils | amod |
| 38 | coils | coil | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 crushed | obl |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 proceeded | cc |
| 40 | proceeded | proceed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | conj |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 swallow | mark |
| 42 | swallow | swallow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 proceeded | xcomp |
| 43 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 swallow | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | hunger | swiftly property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | seize | past · perfect · passive | hunger | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | have | past | snake | time | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | fly | to-infinitive | snake not said here | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | crush | past | hunger not said here | the life | spite of snake's cries and struggles | out snake; in hunger's mighty coils; speedily property | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Patient | ||
| 6 | proceed | past | hunger not said here | vn begin-55.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | swallow | to-infinitive | hunger not said here | snake | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | ||||
| 8 | spite | snake's cries and struggles | nom spite «feeling transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 9 | cry | snake | nom cry «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/15/38/