The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 15, sentence 8

His teeth were long and sharp and grinned horribly, while his lower lip hung down upon his chest, and he had ears like elephant's ears, which covered his shoulders, and nails like the claws of some fierce bird.

Who acts: teeth, lower lip, giant, ears · What happens: be, grin, hang down, have, cover · To what, where: chest, ears, shoulders

This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (teeth, lower lip, giant, ears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 teeth	nmod:poss
2	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 long	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 long	cop
4	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 sharp	cc
6	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 long	conj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 grinned	cc
8	grinned	grin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 long	conj
9	horribly	horribly	ADV	_	8 grinned	advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 hung	punct
11	while	while	SCONJ	_	15 hung	mark
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 lip	nmod:poss
13	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	14 lip	amod
14	lip	lip	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 hung	nsubj
15	hung	hang	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 long	parataxis
16	down	down	ADV	_	15 hung	advmod
17	upon	upon	ADP	_	19 chest	case
18	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 chest	nmod:poss
19	chest	chest	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 hung	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 had	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 had	cc
22	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 had	nsubj
23	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 hung	conj
24	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 had	obj
25	like	like	ADP	_	28 ears	case
26	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 ears	nmod:poss
27	's	's	PART	_	26 elephant	case
28	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 ears	nmod
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 covered	punct
30	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	31 covered	nsubj
31	covered	cover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 ears	acl:relcl
32	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	33 shoulders	nmod:poss
33	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 covered	obj
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 nails	punct
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 nails	cc
36	nails	nail	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 long	obl
37	like	like	ADP	_	39 claws	case
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 claws	det
39	claws	claw	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 nails	nmod
40	of	of	ADP	_	43 bird	case
41	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	43 bird	det
42	fierce	fierce	ADJ	Degree=Pos	43 bird	amod
43	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 claws	nmod
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 long	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	past	giant's teeth			nails like the claws of some fierce bird obl; long property	tree rules
2	be		giant's teeth not said here				tree rules
3	grin	past	giant's teeth not said here			horribly property	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	hang down	past	giant's lower lip		giant's chest	down property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon chest=Location
5	have	past	giant	ears		like elephant's ears	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Patient
6	cover	past	elephant's ears	giant's shoulders			vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme shoulder=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/15/8/