The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 16, sentence 35
The body, decked in rich robes and sparkling with jewels, was laid upon an open bier, and the procession started, taking its way to a high mountain at some distance from the city, the wretched husband, clothed from head to foot in a black mantle, following mournfully.
Who acts: procession · What happens: deck, sparkle, lay, start, take, clothe · To what, where: body, open bier, way, high mountain, wretched husband, head
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (procession), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 body | det |
| 2 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 laid | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 decked | punct |
| 4 | decked | deck | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 body | acl |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 robes | case |
| 6 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 robes | amod |
| 7 | robes | robe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 decked | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 sparkling | cc |
| 9 | sparkling | sparkle | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 decked | conj |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 jewels | case |
| 11 | jewels | jewel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 sparkling | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 body | punct |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 laid | aux:pass |
| 14 | laid | lay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 15 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 18 bier | case |
| 16 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 bier | det |
| 17 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 bier | amod |
| 18 | bier | bier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 laid | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 started | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 started | cc |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 procession | det |
| 22 | procession | procession | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 started | nsubj |
| 23 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 laid | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 taking | punct |
| 25 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 started | advcl |
| 26 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 way | nmod:poss |
| 27 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 taking | obj |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 mountain | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 mountain | det |
| 30 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 mountain | amod |
| 31 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 taking | obl |
| 32 | at | at | ADP | _ | 34 distance | case |
| 33 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 34 distance | det |
| 34 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 taking | obl |
| 35 | from | from | ADP | _ | 37 city | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 city | det |
| 37 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 distance | nmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 husband | punct |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 husband | det |
| 40 | wretched | wretched | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 husband | amod |
| 41 | husband | husband | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 city | appos |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 clothed | punct |
| 43 | clothed | clothe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 husband | acl |
| 44 | from | from | ADP | _ | 45 head | case |
| 45 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 clothed | obl |
| 46 | to | to | ADP | _ | 47 foot | case |
| 47 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 clothed | obl |
| 48 | in | in | ADP | _ | 51 mantle | case |
| 49 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 51 mantle | det |
| 50 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 mantle | amod |
| 51 | mantle | mantle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 clothed | obl |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 following | punct |
| 53 | following | follow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 taking | conj |
| 54 | mournfully | mournfully | ADV | _ | 53 following | advmod |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 laid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | deck | participle | the body not said here | in rich robes | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in robe=Theme | ||||
| 2 | sparkle | gerund | with jewels | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with jewel=Theme | |||||
| 3 | lay | past · passive | the body | a open bier | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme upon bier=Destination | ||||
| 4 | start | past | the procession | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | take | gerund | the procession not said here | procession's way | a high mountain | at some distance from the city | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent way=Theme to mountain=Destination | ||
| 6 | clothe | participle | the wretched husband not said here | head | to foot; in a black mantle | vn dress-41.1.1-1-2 «Passive»: agent=Pivot in mantle=Theme | |||
| 7 | follow | gerund | the procession not said here | mournfully property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/16/35/