The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 18, sentence 11
The chief city is placed at the end of a beautiful valley, formed by the highest mountain in the world, which is in the middle of the island.
Who acts: highest mountain · What happens: place, form, be · To what, where: chief city, end, middle
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (highest mountain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 city | det |
| 2 | chief | chief | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 city | amod |
| 3 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 placed | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 placed | aux:pass |
| 5 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 8 end | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 end | det |
| 8 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 placed | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 valley | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 valley | det |
| 11 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 valley | amod |
| 12 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 end | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 formed | punct |
| 14 | formed | form | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 placed | advcl |
| 15 | by | by | ADP | _ | 18 mountain | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 mountain | det |
| 17 | highest | high | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 18 mountain | amod |
| 18 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 formed | obl |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 world | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 world | det |
| 21 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 mountain | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 middle | punct |
| 23 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 middle | nsubj |
| 24 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 middle | cop |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 middle | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 middle | det |
| 27 | middle | middle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 mountain | conj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 island | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 island | det |
| 30 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 middle | nmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 placed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | place | present · passive | the chief city | at the end of a beautiful valley | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme at end=Destination | ||||
| 2 | form | participle | by the highest mountain in the world and the middle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by mountain=Location | |||||
| 3 | is | present | the highest mountain in the world and the middle | the middle | of the island | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/18/11/