The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 18, sentence 16
Moreover, he loaded me with rich gifts, and when I went to take leave of him he entrusted me with a royal present and a letter to the Commander of the Faithful, our sovereign lord, saying, "I pray you give these to the Caliph Haroun al Raschid, and assure him of my friendship."
Who acts: king, I, you · What happens: load, go, take, entrust, say, pray · To what, where: me, leave, these, Haroun al, king · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, I, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Moreover | moreover | ADV | _ | 4 loaded | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Moreover | punct |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 loaded | nsubj |
| 4 | loaded | load | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 loaded | obj |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 gifts | case |
| 7 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 gifts | amod |
| 8 | gifts | gift | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 loaded | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 went | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 went | cc |
| 11 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 13 went | advmod |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 went | nsubj |
| 13 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 loaded | conj |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 take | mark |
| 15 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 went | xcomp |
| 16 | leave | leave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 take | obj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 him | case |
| 18 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 leave | nmod |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 entrusted | nsubj |
| 20 | entrusted | entrust | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 leave | acl:relcl |
| 21 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 entrusted | obj |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 present | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 present | det |
| 24 | royal | royal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 present | amod |
| 25 | present | present | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 entrusted | obl |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 letter | cc |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 letter | det |
| 28 | letter | letter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 present | conj |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 Commander | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 Commander | det |
| 31 | Commander | Commander | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 letter | nmod |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 Faithful | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 Faithful | det |
| 34 | Faithful | faithful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 Commander | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 lord | punct |
| 36 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 lord | nmod:poss |
| 37 | sovereign | sovereign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 lord | compound |
| 38 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 present | conj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 saying | punct |
| 40 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 went | advcl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 pray | punct |
| 42 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 44 pray | punct |
| 43 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 44 pray | nsubj |
| 44 | pray | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 saying | ccomp |
| 45 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 46 give | nsubj |
| 46 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 pray | conj |
| 47 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 46 give | obj |
| 48 | to | to | ADP | _ | 52 al | case |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 al | det |
| 50 | Caliph | Caliph | PROPN | Number=Sing | 51 Haroun | compound |
| 51 | Haroun | Haroun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 al | compound |
| 52 | al | Al | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 give | obl |
| 53 | Raschid | Raschid | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 al | flat |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 assure | punct |
| 55 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 56 assure | cc |
| 56 | assure | assure | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 loaded | conj |
| 57 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 56 assure | obj |
| 58 | of | of | ADP | _ | 60 friendship | case |
| 59 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 60 friendship | nmod:poss |
| 60 | friendship | friendship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 assure | obl |
| 61 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 56 assure | punct |
| 62 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 56 assure | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | load | past | king | me | with rich gifts; moreover property | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent i=Destination with gift=Theme | |||
| 2 | go | past | I | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | take | to-infinitive | I not said here | leave of king | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leave=Theme | ||||
| 4 | entrust | past | king | leave of king not said here | me | with a royal present and a letter to the Commander of the Faithful and our sovereign lord | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent i=Recipient with present=Theme | ||
| 5 | say speech: assert | gerund | I not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | pray in a quote | present | I | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 7 | give in a quote | present | you | these | the Haroun al | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent this=Theme to al=Recipient | |||
| 8 | assure in a quote | infinitive | king not said here | king | of my friendship | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent he=Recipient of friendship=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/18/16/