The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 18, sentence 68
I answered that I was a rich merchant who had been captured by pirates, and therefore I knew no trade.
Who acts: I, pirates · What happens: answer, be, capture, know · To what, where: rich merchant, trade · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, pirates), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 answered | nsubj |
| 2 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 merchant | mark |
| 4 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 merchant | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 merchant | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 merchant | det |
| 7 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 merchant | amod |
| 8 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 answered | ccomp |
| 9 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 captured | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 captured | aux |
| 11 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 captured | aux:pass |
| 12 | captured | capture | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 merchant | acl:relcl |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 pirates | case |
| 14 | pirates | pirate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 captured | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 knew | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 knew | cc |
| 17 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 19 knew | advmod |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 knew | nsubj |
| 19 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 answered | conj |
| 20 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 21 trade | det |
| 21 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 knew | obj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | I | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a | past | I | a rich merchant | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | capture | past · perfect · passive | pirates | a rich merchant | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | know | past | I | no trade | therefore property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer trade=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/18/68/