The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 18, sentence 81

One morning as I watched the coming of the elephants I was surprised to see that, instead of passing the tree I was in, as they usually did, they paused, and completely surrounded it, trumpeting horribly, and shaking the very ground with their heavy tread, and when I saw that their eyes were fixed upon me I was terrified, and my arrows dropped from my trembling hand.

Who acts: I, trees, arrows · What happens: watch, come, be, see, pass, do · To what, where: elephants, that, tree, station, ground, eyes · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, trees, arrows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 morning	nummod
2	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 watched	obl:unmarked
3	as	as	SCONJ	_	5 watched	mark
4	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 watched	nsubj
5	watched	watch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 coming	det
7	coming	come	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 watched	xcomp
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 elephants	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 elephants	det
10	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 coming	obl
11	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 surprised	nsubj
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 surprised	cop
13	surprised	surprised	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 elephants	acl:relcl
14	to	to	PART	_	15 see	mark
15	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 surprised	xcomp
16	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	15 see	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 passing	punct
18	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=SCONJ	20 passing	mark
19	of	of	ADP	_	18 instead	fixed
20	passing	pass	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 watched	advcl
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 tree	det
22	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 passing	obj
23	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	25 in	nsubj
24	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	25 in	cop
25	in	in	ADV	_	22 tree	acl:relcl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 did	punct
27	as	as	SCONJ	_	30 did	mark
28	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 did	nsubj
29	usually	usually	ADV	_	30 did	advmod
30	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 watched	conj
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 paused	punct
32	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 paused	nsubj
33	paused	pause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 watched	conj
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 surrounded	punct
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 surrounded	cc
36	completely	completely	ADV	_	37 surrounded	advmod
37	surrounded	surround	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 watched	conj
38	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 surrounded	obj
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	40 trumpeting	punct
40	trumpeting	trumpet	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	37 surrounded	advcl
41	horribly	horribly	ADV	_	40 trumpeting	advmod
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 shaking	punct
43	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 shaking	cc
44	shaking	shake	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 watched	advcl
45	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	47 ground	det
46	very	very	ADV	_	47 ground	advmod
47	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 shaking	obj
48	with	with	ADP	_	51 tread	case
49	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	51 tread	nmod:poss
50	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	51 tread	amod
51	tread	tread	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 shaking	obl
52	,	,	PUNCT	_	56 saw	punct
53	and	and	CCONJ	_	56 saw	cc
54	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	56 saw	advmod
55	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	56 saw	nsubj
56	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 watched	conj
57	that	that	SCONJ	_	61 fixed	mark
58	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	59 eyes	nmod:poss
59	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	61 fixed	nsubj:pass
60	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	61 fixed	aux:pass
61	fixed	fix	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	56 saw	ccomp
62	upon	upon	ADP	_	63 me	case
63	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	61 fixed	obl
64	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	66 terrified	nsubj
65	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	66 terrified	cop
66	terrified	terrified	ADJ	Degree=Pos	61 fixed	conj
67	,	,	PUNCT	_	71 dropped	punct
68	and	and	CCONJ	_	71 dropped	cc
69	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	70 arrows	nmod:poss
70	arrows	arrow	NOUN	Number=Plur	71 dropped	nsubj
71	dropped	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 watched	conj
72	from	from	ADP	_	75 hand	case
73	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	75 hand	nmod:poss
74	trembling	trembling	NOUN	Number=Sing	75 hand	compound
75	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	71 dropped	obl
76	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 watched	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	watch	past	I			morning		tree rules
2	come	gerund	I not said here				of the elephants	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme of elephant=Initial_Location
3	is	past	I	the elephants not said here			surprised property	tree rules
4	see	to-infinitive	I not said here	that				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus
5	pass	gerund	I not said here	the tree				vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme tree=Trajectory
6	is	past	I	the tree not said here			in property	tree rules
7	do	past	trees = tree				usually property	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
8	pause	past	trees = tree					vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent
9	surround	participle	I not said here	station			completely property	vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme
10	trumpet	gerund	I not said here				horribly property	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
11	shake	gerund	I not said here	the ground			with trees's heavy tread	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent ground=Patient with tread=Co-Patient
12	see	past	I					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
13	fix	past · passive		trees's eyes			upon me	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: subject=Patient
14	is	past	I				terrified property	tree rules
15	drop	past	my arrows		my trembling hand			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme from hand=Trajectory
16	tread		trees = tree					nom tread «act intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/18/81/