The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 2, sentence 12
"Ah, sir, forgive me!" cried the merchant.
Who acts: merchant · What happens: forgive, cry · To what, where: merchant · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (merchant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 forgive | punct |
| 2 | Ah | ah | INTJ | _ | 6 forgive | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 sir | punct |
| 4 | sir | sir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Ah | vocative |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Ah | punct |
| 6 | forgive | forgive | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 10 cried | parataxis |
| 7 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 forgive | obj |
| 8 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 6 forgive | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 forgive | punct |
| 10 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 merchant | det |
| 12 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 cried | obj |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 cried | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | forgive in a quote | infinitive | the merchant = merchant | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | |||||
| 2 | cry speech: express | past | the merchant | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/2/12/