The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 20, sentence 18
The executioner speedily untied the knots which confined the doctor, and was passing the cord round the neck of the tailor, when the Sultan of Kashgar, who had missed his jester, happened to make inquiry of his officers as to what had become of him.
Who acts: executioner, knots, Sultan · What happens: untie, confine, pass, miss, happen, make · To what, where: knots, doctor, cord, jester, inquiry, officers
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (executioner, knots, Sultan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 executioner | det |
| 2 | executioner | executioner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 untied | nsubj |
| 3 | speedily | speedily | ADV | _ | 4 untied | advmod |
| 4 | untied | untie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 knots | det |
| 6 | knots | knot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 untied | obj |
| 7 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 confined | nsubj |
| 8 | confined | confine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 knots | acl:relcl |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 doctor | det |
| 10 | doctor | doctor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 confined | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 passing | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 passing | cc |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 passing | aux |
| 14 | passing | pass | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 untied | advcl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 cord | det |
| 16 | cord | cord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 passing | obj |
| 17 | round | round | ADP | _ | 19 neck | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 neck | det |
| 19 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 passing | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 tailor | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 tailor | det |
| 22 | tailor | tailor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 neck | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 happened | punct |
| 24 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 36 happened | advmod |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Sultan | det |
| 26 | Sultan | Sultan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 happened | nsubj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Kashgar | case |
| 28 | Kashgar | Kashgar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Sultan | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 missed | punct |
| 30 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 missed | nsubj |
| 31 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 missed | aux |
| 32 | missed | miss | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 26 Sultan | acl:relcl |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 jester | nmod:poss |
| 34 | jester | jester | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 missed | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Sultan | punct |
| 36 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 untied | conj |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 make | mark |
| 38 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 happened | xcomp |
| 39 | inquiry | inquiry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 make | obj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 officers | case |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 officers | nmod:poss |
| 42 | officers | officer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 inquiry | nmod |
| 43 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 47 become | mark |
| 44 | to | to | ADP | _ | 43 as | fixed |
| 45 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 47 become | nsubj |
| 46 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 become | aux |
| 47 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 38 make | advcl |
| 48 | of | of | ADP | _ | 49 him | case |
| 49 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 become | obl |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 untied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | untie | past | the executioner | the knots | speedily property | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knot=Patient | |||
| 2 | confine | past | the knots | the doctor | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent doctor=Theme | ||||
| 3 | pass | past · progressive | the executioner not said here | the cord | round the neck of the tailor | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cord=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | miss | past · perfect | the Sultan of Kashgar | Sultan's jester | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer jester=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | happen | past | the Sultan of Kashgar | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | make | to-infinitive | the Sultan of Kashgar not said here | inquiry of Sultan's officers | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset inquiry=Product | ||||
| 7 | become | past · perfect | of Sultan | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 8 | inquire | Sultan's officers | nom inquiry «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/20/18/