The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 21, sentence 9
Good heavens!" she exclaimed, "what is the meaning of this?
Who acts: Good heavens · What happens: exclaim, be · To what, where: meaning
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Good heavens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 heavens | amod |
| 2 | heavens | heaven | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 exclaimed | nsubj |
| 3 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 2 heavens | punct |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 heavens | punct |
| 5 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 exclaimed | nsubj |
| 6 | exclaimed | exclaim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 meaning | punct |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 meaning | punct |
| 9 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 12 meaning | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 meaning | cop |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 meaning | det |
| 12 | meaning | meaning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 exclaimed | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 this | case |
| 14 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 meaning | nmod |
| 15 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 exclaimed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | exclaim speech: express in a quote | past | Good heavens | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | the meaning | of this | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/21/9/