The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 22, sentence 21
My brother became the slave of a man who beat him daily, hoping to drive him to offer a ransom, although, as Schacabac pointed out, it was quite useless trouble, as his relations were as poor as himself.
Who acts: brother, man, Schacabac, ransom, relations · What happens: become, beat, hope, drive, offer, point out · To what, where: slave, brother, ransom, useless trouble
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother, man, Schacabac, ransom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 brother | nmod:poss |
| 2 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 became | nsubj |
| 3 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 slave | det |
| 5 | slave | slave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 became | xcomp |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 man | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 man | det |
| 8 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 slave | nmod |
| 9 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 beat | nsubj |
| 10 | beat | beat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 man | acl:relcl |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 beat | obj |
| 12 | daily | daily | ADV | _ | 10 beat | advmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 hoping | punct |
| 14 | hoping | hope | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 became | advcl |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 drive | mark |
| 16 | drive | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 hoping | xcomp |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 drive | obj |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 offer | mark |
| 19 | offer | offer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 drive | advcl |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 ransom | det |
| 21 | ransom | ransom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 offer | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 pointed | punct |
| 23 | although | although | SCONJ | _ | 27 pointed | mark |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 pointed | punct |
| 25 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 27 pointed | mark |
| 26 | Schacabac | Schacabac | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 pointed | nsubj |
| 27 | pointed | point | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 became | parataxis |
| 28 | out | out | ADP | _ | 27 pointed | compound:prt |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 trouble | punct |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 trouble | nsubj |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 trouble | cop |
| 32 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 33 useless | advmod |
| 33 | useless | useless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 trouble | amod |
| 34 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 pointed | conj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 poor | punct |
| 36 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 41 poor | mark |
| 37 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 relations | nmod:poss |
| 38 | relations | relation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 poor | nsubj |
| 39 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 poor | cop |
| 40 | as | as | ADV | _ | 41 poor | advmod |
| 41 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 pointed | conj |
| 42 | as | as | ADP | _ | 43 himself | case |
| 43 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 41 poor | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 became | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past | My brother | the slave of a man | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | beat | past | a man | brother | daily property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location he=Theme | |||
| 3 | hope | gerund | My brother not said here | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 4 | drive not said to happen | to-infinitive | My brother not said here | brother | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 5 | offer | to-infinitive | My brother not said here | a ransom | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent ransom=Theme | ||||
| 6 | point out | past | Schacabac | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | is a | past | ransom | useless trouble | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | is | past | brother's relations | as brother; poor property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/22/21/