The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 24, sentence 28
The king was almost speechless on hearing his son, but after a time assured him most solemnly that he knew nothing whatever about the lady in question, and had not connived at her appearance.
Who acts: king · What happens: be, hear, assure, know, not connive · To what, where: son, king, nothing, appearance
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 king | det |
| 2 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 speechless | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 speechless | cop |
| 4 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 5 speechless | advmod |
| 5 | speechless | speechless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 7 hearing | mark |
| 7 | hearing | hear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 speechless | advcl |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 son | nmod:poss |
| 9 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hearing | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 assured | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 assured | cc |
| 12 | after | after | ADP | _ | 14 time | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 time | det |
| 14 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 assured | obl |
| 15 | assured | assure | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 speechless | parataxis |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 assured | iobj |
| 17 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 18 solemnly | advmod |
| 18 | solemnly | solemnly | ADV | _ | 15 assured | advmod |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 knew | mark |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 knew | nsubj |
| 21 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 assured | advcl |
| 22 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 21 knew | obj |
| 23 | whatever | whatever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 nothing | advmod |
| 24 | about | about | ADP | _ | 26 lady | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 lady | det |
| 26 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 whatever | nmod |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 question | case |
| 28 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 lady | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 connived | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 connived | cc |
| 31 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 connived | aux |
| 32 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 33 connived | advmod |
| 33 | connived | connive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 knew | conj |
| 34 | at | at | ADP | _ | 36 appearance | case |
| 35 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 appearance | nmod:poss |
| 36 | appearance | appearance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 connived | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 speechless | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the king | almost, speechless property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hear | gerund | the king not said here | king's son | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer son=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | assure | participle | king | time | solemnly property | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | |||
| 4 | know | past | king | nothing | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | not connive | past · perfect | king not said here | lady's appearance | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/24/28/