The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 28, sentence 106
"Had I but followed your advice, beautiful Persian," he said, "all this would not have happened, but at least I have this consolation, that I have spent my fortune in the company of friends who will not desert me in an hour of need.
Who acts: One, this, friends · What happens: have, follow, say, not happen, spend, not desert · To what, where: One, advice, consolation, least, fortune, company · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One, this, friends), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Had | punct |
| 2 | Had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 said | ccomp |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 Had | obj |
| 4 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 5 followed | cc |
| 5 | followed | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 Had | conj |
| 6 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 advice | nmod:poss |
| 7 | advice | advice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 followed | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Persian | punct |
| 9 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 Persian | amod |
| 10 | Persian | persian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 advice | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Had | punct |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Had | punct |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 said | nsubj |
| 14 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 said | punct |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 happened | punct |
| 17 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 happened | det:predet |
| 18 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 22 happened | nsubj |
| 19 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 happened | aux |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 happened | advmod |
| 21 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 22 happened | aux |
| 22 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 said | ccomp |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 have | punct |
| 24 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 28 have | cc |
| 25 | at | at | ADP | _ | 26 least | case |
| 26 | least | least | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 28 have | obl |
| 27 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 have | nsubj |
| 28 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 happened | conj |
| 29 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 30 consolation | det |
| 30 | consolation | consolation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 have | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 spent | punct |
| 32 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 35 spent | mark |
| 33 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 spent | nsubj |
| 34 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 spent | aux |
| 35 | spent | spend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 22 happened | parataxis |
| 36 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 fortune | nmod:poss |
| 37 | fortune | fortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 spent | obj |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 company | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 company | det |
| 40 | company | company | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 spent | obl |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 friends | case |
| 42 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 company | nmod |
| 43 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 46 desert | nsubj |
| 44 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 46 desert | aux |
| 45 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 46 desert | advmod |
| 46 | desert | desert | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 friends | acl:relcl |
| 47 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 46 desert | obj |
| 48 | in | in | ADP | _ | 50 hour | case |
| 49 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 50 hour | det |
| 50 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 desert | obl |
| 51 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 need | case |
| 52 | need | need | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 hour | nmod |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have in a quote | past | One | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient | |||||
| 2 | follow in a quote | past | your advice | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advice=Theme | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | One | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | not happen in a quote | would · perfect | this | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | have in a quote | present | One | this consolation | least | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consolation=Patient | |||
| 6 | spend in a quote | present · perfect | One | my fortune | the company of friends | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fortune=Asset | |||
| 7 | not desert in a quote | future | friends | One | hour | vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme i=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/28/106/