The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 28, sentence 44
"Would to heaven," exclaimed the wife of the vizir, "that what you say were true; but Noureddin has deceived you, and his father will sacrifice him in vengeance for the wrong he has done."
Who acts: wife, you, Noureddin, father · What happens: exclaim, say, be, deceive, sacrifice, do · To what, where: that, you, vizir, vengeance · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wife, you, Noureddin, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Would | punct |
| 2 | Would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 exclaimed | aux |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 heaven | case |
| 4 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Would | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Would | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 exclaimed | punct |
| 7 | exclaimed | exclaim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 wife | det |
| 9 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 exclaimed | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 vizir | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 vizir | det |
| 12 | vizir | vizir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 wife | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 exclaimed | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 exclaimed | punct |
| 15 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 say | obj |
| 16 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 18 say | obj |
| 17 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 say | nsubj |
| 18 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 exclaimed | parataxis |
| 19 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 say | ccomp |
| 20 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 were | xcomp |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 deceived | punct |
| 22 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 25 deceived | cc |
| 23 | Noureddin | Noureddin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 deceived | nsubj |
| 24 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 deceived | aux |
| 25 | deceived | deceive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 exclaimed | parataxis |
| 26 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 25 deceived | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 sacrifice | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 sacrifice | cc |
| 29 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 father | nmod:poss |
| 30 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 sacrifice | nsubj |
| 31 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 sacrifice | aux |
| 32 | sacrifice | sacrifice | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 deceived | conj |
| 33 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 sacrifice | obj |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 vengeance | case |
| 35 | vengeance | vengeance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 sacrifice | obl |
| 36 | for | for | ADP | _ | 38 wrong | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 wrong | det |
| 38 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 sacrifice | advcl |
| 39 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 done | nsubj |
| 40 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 done | aux |
| 41 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 wrong | xcomp |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 exclaimed | punct |
| 43 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 exclaimed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | exclaim speech: express | would | the wife of the vizir | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert in a quote | present | you | that | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be in a quote | past | true property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | deceive in a quote | present · perfect | Noureddin | you | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient | ||||
| 5 | sacrifice in a quote | future | vizir's father | vizir | vengeance | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||
| 6 | do in a quote | present · perfect | father | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/28/44/