The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 29, sentence 75
Take the ass which is tied to the gate, lead it to the nearest wine-shop, and ask some passer-by to order two jars of wine; have them put in the ass's panniers, and drive him before you.
Who acts: you, jars · What happens: take, tie, lead, ask, order, have · To what, where: ass, nearest wine shop, some, two jars, jars, panniers
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 29. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, jars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Take | take | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 ass | det |
| 3 | ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Take | obj |
| 4 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 tied | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 tied | aux:pass |
| 6 | tied | tie | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 ass | acl:relcl |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 gate | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 gate | det |
| 9 | gate | gate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 tied | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 lead | punct |
| 11 | lead | lead | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Take | conj |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 lead | obj |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 shop | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 shop | det |
| 15 | nearest | near | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 18 shop | amod |
| 16 | wine | wine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 shop | compound |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 wine | punct |
| 18 | shop | shop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 lead | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 ask | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 ask | cc |
| 21 | ask | ask | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Take | conj |
| 22 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 21 ask | obj |
| 23 | passer | passer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 some | nmod |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 passer | punct |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 order | case |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 order | mark |
| 27 | order | order | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 21 ask | conj |
| 28 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 29 jars | nummod |
| 29 | jars | jar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 order | obj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 wine | case |
| 31 | wine | wine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 jars | nmod |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 have | punct |
| 33 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Take | conj |
| 34 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 have | obj |
| 35 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 have | xcomp |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 panniers | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 ass | det |
| 38 | ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 panniers | nmod:poss |
| 39 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 38 ass | case |
| 40 | panniers | pannier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 put | obl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 drive | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 drive | cc |
| 43 | drive | drive | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Take | conj |
| 44 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 drive | obj |
| 45 | before | before | ADP | _ | 46 you | case |
| 46 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 43 drive | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Take | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | imperative | you not said here | the ass | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ass=Theme | ||||
| 2 | tie | present · passive | the ass | to the gate | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to gate=Co-Patient | ||||
| 3 | lead | infinitive | you not said here | ass | the nearest wine shop | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to shop=Destination | |||
| 4 | ask speech: ask | infinitive | you not said here | some | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent some=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | order | to-infinitive | you not said here | two jars of wine | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jar=Theme | ||||
| 6 | have | infinitive | you not said here | jars = jar | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | put | participle | jars = jar not said here | the ass's panniers | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in pannier=Destination | ||||
| 8 | drive | infinitive | you not said here | passer | before you | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme before you=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/29/75/