The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 30, sentence 3
Now the Caliph had caused a bend in the river to form a lake in his garden.
Who acts: Caliph · What happens: cause, form · To what, where: bend, river, lake, garden
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caliph), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 caused | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Caliph | det |
| 3 | Caliph | Caliph | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 caused | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 caused | aux |
| 5 | caused | cause | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 bend | det |
| 7 | bend | bend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 caused | obj |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 river | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 river | det |
| 10 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 caused | obl |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 form | mark |
| 12 | form | form | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 caused | advcl |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 lake | det |
| 14 | lake | lake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 form | obj |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 garden | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 garden | nmod:poss |
| 17 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 form | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 caused | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cause | past · perfect | the Caliph | a bend | the river | now | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition bend=Patient | ||
| 2 | form | to-infinitive | the Caliph not said here | a lake | his garden | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location lake=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/30/3/