The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 30, sentence 61
Besides, he has not sent an express with the patent, without which the letter is useless.
Who acts: majesty, letter · What happens: not send, be · To what, where: express
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (majesty, letter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Besides | besides | INTJ | _ | 6 sent | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Besides | punct |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 sent | nsubj |
| 4 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 sent | aux |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 sent | advmod |
| 6 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 7 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 express | det |
| 8 | express | express | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 sent | obj |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 patent | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 patent | det |
| 11 | patent | patent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 sent | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 useless | punct |
| 13 | without | without | ADP | _ | 14 which | case |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 useless | obl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 letter | det |
| 16 | letter | letter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 useless | nsubj |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 useless | cop |
| 18 | useless | useless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 sent | conj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not send | present · perfect | majesty | a express | with the patent | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent express=Theme | |||
| 2 | is | present | the letter | useless property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/30/61/