The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 37, sentence 82
"Have no fears, your Highness," said the Indian; "the horse has the gift of passing over seas, and of carrying his rider wherever he wishes to go."
Who acts: horse, gift, rapidity · What happens: have, say, pass over, carry, wish, go · To what, where: fears, Indian, gift, seas, rider · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse, gift, rapidity), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Have | punct |
| 2 | Have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 4 fears | det |
| 4 | fears | fear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 Have | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Highness | punct |
| 6 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 Highness | nmod:poss |
| 7 | Highness | highness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fears | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Have | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Have | punct |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 Have | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Indian | det |
| 12 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 said | obj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 has | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 has | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 horse | det |
| 16 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 has | nsubj |
| 17 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 Have | conj |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 gift | det |
| 19 | gift | gift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 has | obj |
| 20 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 21 passing | mark |
| 21 | passing | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 gift | acl |
| 22 | over | over | ADV | _ | 21 passing | advmod |
| 23 | seas | sea | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 passing | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 carrying | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 carrying | cc |
| 26 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 27 carrying | mark |
| 27 | carrying | carry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 has | advcl |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 rider | nmod:poss |
| 29 | rider | rider | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 carrying | obj |
| 30 | wherever | wherever | ADV | PronType=Int | 32 wishes | advmod |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 wishes | nsubj |
| 32 | wishes | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 carrying | advcl |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 go | mark |
| 34 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 wishes | xcomp |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 Have | punct |
| 36 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have in a quote | present | no fears and your Highness | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fear=Patient | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the Indian | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent indian=Topic | |||||
| 3 | have in a quote | present | the horse | the gift | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gift=Patient | ||||
| 4 | pass over in a quote | gerund | the gift not said here | seas | over property | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sea=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | carry in a quote | gerund | the horse not said here | rapidity's rider | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rider=Theme | ||||
| 6 | wish in a quote | present | rapidity | wherever property | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||
| 7 | go not said to happen, in a quote | to-infinitive | rapidity not said here | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/82/