The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 37, sentence 91
The first thing he did on dismounting was to try to find out where he was, and, as far as he could discover in the thick darkness, he found himself on the terraced roof of a huge palace, with a balustrade of marble running round.
Who acts: Firouz, first thing, marble · What happens: do, dismount, be, find out, discover, find · To what, where: first thing, thick darkness, Firouz, terraced roof · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Firouz, first thing, marble), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 thing | det |
| 2 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 3 thing | amod |
| 3 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 try | nsubj |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 did | nsubj |
| 5 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 thing | acl:relcl |
| 6 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 7 dismounting | mark |
| 7 | dismounting | dismount | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 did | advcl |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 try | cop |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 try | mark |
| 10 | try | try | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 find | mark |
| 12 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 try | xcomp |
| 13 | out | out | ADP | _ | 12 find | compound:prt |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 16 was | advmod |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 was | nsubj |
| 16 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 find | ccomp |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 discover | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 discover | cc |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 and | punct |
| 20 | as | as | ADV | _ | 21 far | advmod |
| 21 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 25 discover | advmod |
| 22 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 25 discover | mark |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 discover | nsubj |
| 24 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 discover | aux |
| 25 | discover | discover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 try | conj |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 darkness | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 darkness | det |
| 28 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 darkness | amod |
| 29 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 discover | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 found | punct |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 found | nsubj |
| 32 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 try | parataxis |
| 33 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 32 found | obj |
| 34 | on | on | ADP | _ | 37 roof | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 roof | det |
| 36 | terraced | terrace | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 roof | amod |
| 37 | roof | roof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 found | obl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 palace | case |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 palace | det |
| 40 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 palace | amod |
| 41 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 roof | nmod |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 balustrade | punct |
| 43 | with | with | ADP | _ | 45 balustrade | case |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 balustrade | det |
| 45 | balustrade | balustrade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 found | obl |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 marble | case |
| 47 | marble | marble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 balustrade | nmod |
| 48 | running | run | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 47 marble | acl |
| 49 | round | round | ADV | _ | 48 running | advmod |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 try | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | past | Firouz | the first thing not said here | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | dismount | gerund | Firouz not said here | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | is | past | the first thing | try property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | find out not said to happen | to-infinitive | the first thing not said here | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | be | past | Firouz | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | discover | could | Firouz | the thick darkness | far property | vn discover-84-1 «NP V PP.topic S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||
| 7 | find | past | Firouz | Firouz | the terraced roof of a huge palace | with a balustrade of marble | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Topic | ||
| 8 | terrace | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 9 | run | gerund | marble not said here | round property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/91/