The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 39, sentence 8
He mounted first and helped the princess up behind; then, when she was firmly seated, with her hands holding tightly to his belt, he touched the screw, and the horse began to leave the earth quickly behind him.
Who acts: Prince, hands, horse · What happens: mount, help up, seat, hold, touch, begin · To what, where: princess, screw, earth
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 39. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Prince, hands, horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 mounted | nsubj |
| 2 | mounted | mount | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 2 mounted | advmod |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 helped | cc |
| 5 | helped | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 mounted | conj |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 princess | det |
| 7 | princess | princess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 helped | obj |
| 8 | up | up | ADP | _ | 5 helped | compound:prt |
| 9 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 5 helped | advmod |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 seated | punct |
| 11 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 17 seated | advmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 then | punct |
| 13 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 17 seated | mark |
| 14 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 seated | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 seated | aux:pass |
| 16 | firmly | firmly | ADV | _ | 17 seated | advmod |
| 17 | seated | seat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 mounted | parataxis |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 hands | punct |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 hands | case |
| 20 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 hands | nmod:poss |
| 21 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 seated | obl |
| 22 | holding | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 hands | acl |
| 23 | tightly | tightly | ADV | _ | 22 holding | advmod |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 belt | case |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 belt | nmod:poss |
| 26 | belt | belt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 holding | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 touched | punct |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 touched | nsubj |
| 29 | touched | touch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 mounted | parataxis |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 screw | det |
| 31 | screw | screw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 touched | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 began | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 began | cc |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 horse | det |
| 35 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 began | nsubj |
| 36 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 mounted | parataxis |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 leave | mark |
| 38 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 began | xcomp |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 earth | det |
| 40 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 leave | obj |
| 41 | quickly | quickly | ADV | _ | 38 leave | advmod |
| 42 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 43 him | case |
| 43 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 leave | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 mounted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mount | past | Prince | first property | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | help up | past | Prince not said here | the princess | behind property | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent princess=Beneficiary | |||
| 3 | seat | past · passive | Princess | then | with Princess's hands; firmly property | vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: subject=Value | |||
| 4 | hold | gerund | Princess's hands not said here | to Prince's belt; tightly property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | touch | past | Prince | the screw | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme screw=Co-Theme | ||||
| 6 | begin | past | the horse | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | leave | to-infinitive | the horse not said here | the earth | behind Prince; quickly property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent earth=Theme behind he=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/39/8/