The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 40, sentence 6
He softly left his hiding-place, and returned to the Sultan, to whom he reported that he was sure from certain signs that the princess's malady was not incurable, but that he must see her and speak with her alone.
Who acts: love, malady · What happens: leave, return, report, be, not be, see · To what, where: hiding place, Sultan, certain signs, princess · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (love, malady), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 left | nsubj |
| 2 | softly | softly | ADV | _ | 3 left | advmod |
| 3 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 place | nmod:poss |
| 5 | hiding | hiding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 place | compound |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 hiding | punct |
| 7 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 left | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 returned | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 returned | cc |
| 10 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 left | conj |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 Sultan | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 Sultan | det |
| 13 | Sultan | Sultan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 returned | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 whom | punct |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 whom | case |
| 16 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 returned | obl |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 reported | nsubj |
| 18 | reported | report | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 whom | acl:relcl |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 22 sure | mark |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 sure | nsubj |
| 21 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 sure | cop |
| 22 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 reported | ccomp |
| 23 | from | from | ADP | _ | 25 signs | case |
| 24 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 signs | amod |
| 25 | signs | sign | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 sure | obl |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 33 incurable | mark |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 princess | det |
| 28 | princess | princess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 malady | nmod:poss |
| 29 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 28 princess | case |
| 30 | malady | malady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 incurable | nsubj |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 incurable | cop |
| 32 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 33 incurable | advmod |
| 33 | incurable | incurable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 signs | acl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 see | punct |
| 35 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 39 see | cc |
| 36 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 39 see | mark |
| 37 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 see | nsubj |
| 38 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 39 see | aux |
| 39 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 left | conj |
| 40 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 see | obj |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 speak | cc |
| 42 | speak | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres Typo=Yes VerbForm=Fin | 39 see | conj |
| 43 | with | with | ADP | _ | 44 her | case |
| 44 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 speak | obl |
| 45 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 42 speak | advmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 left | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave | past | love | love's hiding place | softly property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme | |||
| 2 | return | past | love not said here | the Sultan | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to sultan=Initial_Location to whom=Destination | ||||
| 3 | report | past | love | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is | past | love | certain signs | sure property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | not is | past | the princess's malady | certain signs not said here | incurable property | tree rules | |||
| 6 | see | must | love | princess | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus | ||||
| 7 | speak speech: other | present | love not said here | with princess; alone property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with she=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/40/6/