The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 44, sentence 17
As they drew near, the Sultan was startled by the sound of strange voices, but could see nothing. "
Who acts: house, sound · What happens: draw, startle, see · To what, where: Sultan, nothing
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 44. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (house, sound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 drew | mark |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 drew | nsubj |
| 3 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 startled | advcl |
| 4 | near | near | ADV | _ | 3 drew | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 drew | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Sultan | det |
| 7 | Sultan | Sultan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 startled | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 startled | aux:pass |
| 9 | startled | startle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 sound | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 sound | det |
| 12 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 startled | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 voices | case |
| 14 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 voices | amod |
| 15 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 sound | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 see | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 see | cc |
| 18 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 see | aux |
| 19 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 9 startled | parataxis |
| 20 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 19 see | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 see | punct |
| 22 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 see | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw | past | house | near property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | startle | past · passive | the sound of strange voices | the Sultan | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | see | could | nothing | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/44/17/