The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 44, sentence 42
The bird stopped singing at once, and all the other birds stopped too.
Who acts: bird, other birds · What happens: stop, sing
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 44. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird, other birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 bird | det |
| 2 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stopped | nsubj |
| 3 | stopped | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | singing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 stopped | xcomp |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 once | case |
| 6 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 4 singing | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 stopped | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 stopped | cc |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 12 birds | det:predet |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 birds | det |
| 11 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 birds | amod |
| 12 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 stopped | nsubj |
| 13 | stopped | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 stopped | parataxis |
| 14 | too | too | ADV | _ | 13 stopped | advmod |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stopped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stop | past | the bird | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | sing speech: express | gerund | the bird not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at once=Location | |||||
| 3 | stop | past | all other birds | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/44/42/