The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 8, sentence 74
Emboldened by her beauty and gentleness, I ventured to reply, "Before, madam, I answer your question, allow me to say how grateful I am for this meeting, which is not only a consolation to me in my own heavy sorrow, but may perhaps enable me to render your lot happier," and then I told her who I was, and how I had come there.
Who acts: I, meeting, me, your, my · What happens: embolden, venture, reply, answer, allow, say · To what, where: question, me, consolation, own heavy sorrow, madam · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, meeting, me, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Emboldened | embolden | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 ventured | advcl |
| 2 | by | by | ADP | _ | 4 beauty | case |
| 3 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 beauty | nmod:poss |
| 4 | beauty | beauty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Emboldened | obl |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 gentleness | cc |
| 6 | gentleness | gentleness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 beauty | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Emboldened | punct |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 ventured | nsubj |
| 9 | ventured | venture | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 reply | mark |
| 11 | reply | reply | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 ventured | xcomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 madam | punct |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 madam | punct |
| 14 | Before | before | ADP | _ | 16 madam | case |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 madam | punct |
| 16 | madam | madam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 reply | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 answer | punct |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 answer | nsubj |
| 19 | answer | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 ventured | parataxis |
| 20 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 question | nmod:poss |
| 21 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 answer | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 allow | punct |
| 23 | allow | allow | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 19 answer | conj |
| 24 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 allow | iobj |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 say | mark |
| 26 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 allow | xcomp |
| 27 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 28 grateful | advmod |
| 28 | grateful | grateful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 say | ccomp |
| 29 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 grateful | nsubj |
| 30 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 grateful | cop |
| 31 | for | for | ADP | _ | 33 meeting | case |
| 32 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 33 meeting | det |
| 33 | meeting | meeting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 grateful | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 consolation | punct |
| 35 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 consolation | nsubj |
| 36 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 consolation | cop |
| 37 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 consolation | advmod |
| 38 | only | only | ADV | _ | 40 consolation | advmod |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 consolation | det |
| 40 | consolation | consolation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 meeting | nmod |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 42 me | case |
| 42 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 40 consolation | nmod |
| 43 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 sorrow | case |
| 44 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 sorrow | nmod:poss |
| 45 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 sorrow | amod |
| 46 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 sorrow | amod |
| 47 | sorrow | sorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 consolation | nmod |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 enable | punct |
| 49 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 52 enable | cc |
| 50 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 52 enable | aux |
| 51 | perhaps | perhaps | ADV | _ | 52 enable | advmod |
| 52 | enable | enable | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 ventured | conj |
| 53 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 52 enable | obj |
| 54 | to | to | PART | _ | 55 render | mark |
| 55 | render | render | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 52 enable | xcomp |
| 56 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 57 lot | nmod:poss |
| 57 | lot | lot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 happier | obl:unmarked |
| 58 | happier | happy | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 55 render | conj |
| 59 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 happier | punct |
| 60 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 58 happier | punct |
| 61 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 64 told | cc |
| 62 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 64 told | advmod |
| 63 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 64 told | nsubj |
| 64 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 ventured | conj |
| 65 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 64 told | iobj |
| 66 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Int | 64 told | ccomp |
| 67 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 66 who | nsubj |
| 68 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 66 who | cop |
| 69 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 74 come | punct |
| 70 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 74 come | cc |
| 71 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 74 come | advmod |
| 72 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 74 come | nsubj |
| 73 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 74 come | aux |
| 74 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 ventured | conj |
| 75 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 74 come | advmod |
| 76 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 ventured | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | embolden | participle | I not said here | by madam's beauty and gentleness | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | venture | past | I | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | reply speech: assert | to-infinitive | I not said here | before madam | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | answer speech: assert in a quote | present | I | your question | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent question=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | allow in a quote | infinitive | I not said here | me | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer i=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | say speech: assert not said to happen, in a quote | to-infinitive | I not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | is in a quote | present | I | for this meeting; grateful property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | not is a in a quote | present | this meeting | a consolation | me | my own heavy sorrow | tree rules | ||
| 9 | enable in a quote | may | I not said here | me | perhaps property | tree rules | |||
| 10 | render in a quote | to-infinitive | me not said here | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 11 | tell speech: assert | past | I | madam | then | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient | |||
| 12 | is a | past | I | tree rules | |||||
| 13 | come | past · perfect | I | there | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 14 | question in a quote | your | nom question «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 15 | sorrow in a quote | my | nom sorrow «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/8/74/