More English Fairy Tales, More English Fairy Tales, part 3, sentence 42

And all at once there came a bit ahead of him the pitifullest greetings ever he heard, sob, sobbing, like a bairn spent with fear, and nigh heartbroken; breaking off into a moan and then rising again in a long whimpering wailing that made him feel sick to hark to it.

Who acts: pitifullest greetings, long whimpering wailing, lad · What happens: come, hear, sob, spend, break off, rise · To what, where: sob, bairn, moan, long whimpering wailing, lad, wailing

This is a sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pitifullest greetings, long whimpering wailing, lad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	6 came	cc
2	all	all	ADV	_	6 came	advmod
3	at	at	ADP	_	4 once	case
4	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	2 all	obl
5	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	6 came	expl
6	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 bit	det
8	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ahead	obl:unmarked
9	ahead	ahead	ADV	_	6 came	advmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 him	case
11	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 came	obl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 greetings	det
13	pitifullest	pitiful	ADJ	Degree=Sup	14 greetings	amod
14	greetings	greeting	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 heard	nsubj
15	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	17 heard	advmod
16	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 heard	nsubj
17	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 came	parataxis
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 sob	punct
19	sob	sob	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 heard	obj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 sobbing	punct
21	sobbing	sob	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	17 heard	advcl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 bairn	punct
23	like	like	ADP	_	25 bairn	case
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 bairn	det
25	bairn	bairn	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 sobbing	obl
26	spent	spend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	25 bairn	acl
27	with	with	ADP	_	28 fear	case
28	fear	fear	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 spent	obl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 heartbroken	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 heartbroken	cc
31	nigh	nigh	ADV	_	32 heartbroken	advmod
32	heartbroken	heartbroken	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 came	conj
33	;	;	PUNCT	_	34 breaking	punct
34	breaking	break	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 came	advcl
35	off	off	ADP	_	34 breaking	compound:prt
36	into	into	ADP	_	38 moan	case
37	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	38 moan	det
38	moan	moan	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 breaking	obl
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 rising	cc
40	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	41 rising	advmod
41	rising	rise	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	34 breaking	conj
42	again	again	ADV	_	41 rising	advmod
43	in	in	ADP	_	47 wailing	case
44	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	47 wailing	det
45	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	47 wailing	amod
46	whimpering	whimpering	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 wailing	compound
47	wailing	wailing	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 rising	obl
48	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	49 made	nsubj
49	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	47 wailing	acl:relcl
50	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	49 made	obj
51	feel	feel	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	49 made	xcomp
52	sick	sick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	51 feel	xcomp
53	to	to	PART	_	54 hark	mark
54	hark	hark	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	52 sick	xcomp
55	to	to	ADP	_	56 it	case
56	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	54 hark	obl
57	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 came	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past				there		of lad; ahead, all property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme of he=Initial_Location
2	hear	past	the pitifullest greetings	sob			ever		vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sob=Stimulus
3	sob	gerund	the pitifullest greetings not said here					like a bairn	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	spend	participle		a bairn not said here				with fear	vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5	break off	gerund						into a moan result	vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into moan=Result
6	rise	gerund				a long whimpering wailing	then; again		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in wailing=Location
7	make	past	a long whimpering wailing	lad					tree rules
8	feel	infinitive	lad not said here					sick property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
9	hark	to-infinitive	lad not said here		wailing				tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 14241 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg14241/17/42/