More English Fairy Tales, More English Fairy Tales, part 8, sentence 67
"Ah, ah!" laughed the squire, "whoever heard of a wise man lying in the middle of the highroad to be ridden over?
Who acts: whoever, wise man · What happens: laugh, hear, lie, ride over · To what, where: squire, middle · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (whoever, wise man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 laughed | punct |
| 2 | Ah | ah | INTJ | _ | 7 laughed | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Ah | punct |
| 4 | ah | ah | INTJ | _ | 2 Ah | discourse |
| 5 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 2 Ah | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Ah | punct |
| 7 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 squire | det |
| 9 | squire | squire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 laughed | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 heard | punct |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 heard | punct |
| 12 | whoever | whoever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 heard | nsubj |
| 13 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 laughed | conj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 man | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 man | det |
| 16 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 man | amod |
| 17 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 heard | obl |
| 18 | lying | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 17 man | acl |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 middle | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 middle | det |
| 21 | middle | middle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lying | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 highroad | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 highroad | det |
| 24 | highroad | highroad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 middle | nmod |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 ridden | mark |
| 26 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 27 ridden | aux:pass |
| 27 | ridden | ride | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 heard | ccomp |
| 28 | over | over | ADV | _ | 27 ridden | advmod |
| 29 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 laughed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh | past | the squire | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent squire=Theme | |||||
| 2 | hear in a quote | past | whoever | of a wise man | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | lie in a quote | gerund | a wise man not said here | the middle of the highroad | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in middle=Location | ||||
| 4 | ride over in a quote | to-infinitive · passive | over property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 14241 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg14241/22/67/