More English Fairy Tales, More English Fairy Tales, part 14, sentence 43
"Sad news, sad news, my shepherd," said the Abbot, and told him all that had happened.
Who acts: Sad news, that · What happens: say, tell, happen · To what, where: news · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sad news, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 news | punct |
| 2 | Sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 news | amod |
| 3 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 said | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 news | punct |
| 5 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 news | amod |
| 6 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 news | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 shepherd | punct |
| 8 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 shepherd | nmod:poss |
| 9 | shepherd | shepherd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 news | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 news | punct |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 news | punct |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Abbot | det |
| 14 | Abbot | Abbot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 said | nsubj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 told | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 told | cc |
| 17 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 said | conj |
| 18 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 told | iobj |
| 19 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 happened | det:predet |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 happened | nsubj |
| 21 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 happened | aux |
| 22 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 told | ccomp |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Sad news and sad news and my shepherd | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | Sad news and sad news and my shepherd not said here | news | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | happen | past · perfect | that | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 14241 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg14241/28/43/