More English Fairy Tales, More English Fairy Tales, part 16, sentence 37
I think, Sir, it must have been the torches.
Who acts: I, house · What happens: think, be · To what, where: torches
This is a sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, house), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 think | nsubj |
| 2 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Sir | punct |
| 4 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 think | ccomp |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 torches | punct |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 torches | nsubj |
| 7 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 torches | aux |
| 8 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 11 torches | aux |
| 9 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 11 torches | cop |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 torches | det |
| 11 | torches | torch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 Sir | conj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 think | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | present | I | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a | must · perfect | house | the torches | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 14241 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg14241/30/37/