More English Fairy Tales, More English Fairy Tales, part 18, sentence 33
There was once a little boy, and his mother sent him to buy a sheep's head and pluck; afraid he should forget it, the lad kept saying all the way along:
Who acts: mother, boy, lad · What happens: send, buy, be, forget, keep, say · To what, where: boy, head, way · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mother, boy, lad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 was | expl |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 afraid | cop |
| 3 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 2 was | advmod |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 boy | det |
| 5 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 boy | amod |
| 6 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 was | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 sent | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 sent | cc |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 mother | nmod:poss |
| 10 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sent | nsubj |
| 11 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 was | parataxis |
| 12 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 sent | obj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 buy | mark |
| 14 | buy | buy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 sent | xcomp |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 sheep | det |
| 16 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 head | nmod:poss |
| 17 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 16 sheep | case |
| 18 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 buy | obj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 pluck | cc |
| 20 | pluck | pluck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 head | conj |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 afraid | punct |
| 22 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 forget | nsubj |
| 24 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 forget | aux |
| 25 | forget | forget | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 afraid | ccomp |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 forget | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 kept | punct |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 lad | det |
| 29 | lad | lad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 kept | nsubj |
| 30 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 afraid | conj |
| 31 | saying | say | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 30 kept | xcomp |
| 32 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 34 way | det:predet |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 way | det |
| 34 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 saying | obl:unmarked |
| 35 | along | along | ADV | _ | 31 saying | advmod |
| 36 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 22 afraid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | past | boy's mother | boy | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | buy | to-infinitive | boy not said here | a sheep's head and pluck | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is | past | afraid property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | forget | should | boy | head | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | keep | past | the lad | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | say speech: assert | gerund | the lad not said here | all way | along property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 14241 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg14241/32/33/