Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Snow Queen, part 4, sentence 140

They had the most wondrous shapes; some looked like large ugly porcupines; others like snakes knotted together, with their heads sticking out; and others, again, like small fat bears, with the hair standing on end: all were of dazzling whiteness--all were living snow-flakes.

Who acts: flakes, some, others, heads, hair · What happens: have, look, knot, stick out, stand, be · To what, where: wondrous shapes, end, living snow flakes

This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Snow Queen, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flakes, some, others, heads), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 shapes	det
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 wondrous	advmod
5	wondrous	wondrous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 shapes	amod
6	shapes	shape	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 had	obj
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 looked	punct
8	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	9 looked	nsubj
9	looked	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 had	conj
10	like	like	ADP	_	13 porcupines	case
11	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 porcupines	amod
12	ugly	ugly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 porcupines	amod
13	porcupines	porcupine	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 looked	obl
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 knotted	punct
15	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 knotted	nsubj
16	like	like	ADP	_	17 snakes	case
17	snakes	snake	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 others	nmod
18	knotted	knot	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 had	parataxis
19	together	together	ADV	_	18 knotted	advmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 heads	punct
21	with	with	ADP	_	23 heads	case
22	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 heads	nmod:poss
23	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 knotted	parataxis
24	sticking	stick	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	23 heads	acl
25	out	out	ADP	_	24 sticking	compound:prt
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	28 others	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 others	cc
28	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 had	obl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 again	punct
30	again	again	ADV	_	28 others	advmod
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 bears	punct
32	like	like	ADP	_	35 bears	case
33	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 bears	amod
34	fat	fat	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 bears	compound
35	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 others	conj
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 hair	punct
37	with	with	ADP	_	39 hair	case
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 hair	det
39	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 bears	nmod
40	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	39 hair	acl
41	on	on	ADP	_	42 end	case
42	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 standing	obl
43	:	:	PUNCT	_	48 whiteness	punct
44	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	48 whiteness	advmod
45	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	48 whiteness	cop
46	of	of	ADP	_	48 whiteness	case
47	dazzling	dazzling	ADJ	Degree=Pos	48 whiteness	amod
48	whiteness	whiteness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	parataxis
49	--	--	PUNCT	_	55 flakes	punct
50	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	55 flakes	det
51	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	55 flakes	cop
52	living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	55 flakes	amod
53	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	55 flakes	compound
54	-	-	PUNCT	_	53 snow	punct
55	flakes	flake	NOUN	Number=Plur	48 whiteness	conj
56	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 had	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	flakes = flake	the wondrous shapes		others and small fat bears with the hair obl	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient
2	look	past	some			like large ugly porcupines	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
3	knot	participle	others like snakes			together property	vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
4	stick out	gerund	flakes's heads not said here				vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
5	stand	gerund	the hair not said here		on end		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on end=Location
6	is	past				of dazzling whiteness and all living snow flakes	tree rules
7	is a	past		all living snow flakes			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/14/140/